Defect free hollow fiber reverse osmosis membranes by combining layer-by-layer and interfacial polymerization

Performance and Structure of Thin Film Composite Reverse Osmosis Membranes Prepared by Interfacial Polymerization in the Presence of Acid Acceptor

During interfacial polymerization (IP) reaction between m-phenylenediamine (MPDA) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC), a by-product, i.e. hydrochloric acid can produce. This produced acid diffuses back in aqueous phase and protonates MPDA and reduces its reactivity that results in lowering of polymer yield and performance of membrane. Further, for getting consistency in reverse...

Fouling reduction of reverse osmosis membrane by surface modification via layer-by-layer assembly

1383-5866/$ see front matter 2012 Elsevier B.V. A http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2012.08.002 ⇑ Corresponding author. Tel./fax: +81 78 803 6180. E-mail address: [email protected] (H. Matsu To reduce membrane fouling of reverse osmosis (RO) membrane, we adopted layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly. LbL assembly has received attention as a means of preparing ultrathin layers of composite membrane...

Layer by layer - Combining Monads

We develop a method to incrementally construct programming languages. Our approach is categorical: each layer of the language is described as a monad. Our method either (i) concretely builds a distributive law between two monads, i.e. layers of the language, which then provides a monad structure to the composition of layers, or (ii) identifies precisely the algebraic obstacles to the existence ...

Interfacial polymerization of polyamide-aluminosilicate SWNT nanocomposite membranes for reverse osmosis

Probing nonlinear rheology layer-by-layer in interfacial hydration water.

Viscoelastic fluids exhibit rheological nonlinearity at a high shear rate. Although typical nonlinear effects, shear thinning and shear thickening, have been usually understood by variation of intrinsic quantities such as viscosity, one still requires a better understanding of the microscopic origins, currently under debate, especially on the shear-thickening mechanism. We present accurate meas...